{
  "schema_version": "1.0.0",
  "title": "Business Email Compromise Statistics and Reported Losses",
  "canonical_url": "https://workspace369.com/research/business-email-compromise-statistics/",
  "published": "2026-09-13",
  "modified": "2026-09-13",
  "accessed": "2026-09-13",
  "language": "en",
  "scope": "BEC-category complaints reported to FBI IC3; individuals and organizations, not a representative survey of U.S. firms",
  "geography": "IC3 reporting scope, including international complainants",
  "observation_period": "Reporting years 2020–2025; nominal U.S. dollars",
  "license": "https://workspace369.com/downloads/research/license-v1.html",
  "editorial_owner": "Workspace369 editorial team",
  "review_cadence": "Review with each FBI IC3 annual report and retain edition-specific revisions.",
  "attribution": "Reported observations belong to the original producers. Workspace369 is responsible for the compilation and explicitly labeled calculations, not an original survey.",
  "methodology": [
    "We transcribed the BEC row of the 2022 and 2025 reports’ three-year comparison tables, checking both extracted text and rendered PDF pages. Each count and dollar figure has an exact printed-page and year-column locator.",
    "The recent window uses the 2025 report’s 2023–2025 figures; the earlier window uses the 2022 report’s 2020–2022 figures. These are edition-specific assessments, not a reconstruction of every underlying complaint.",
    "We do not combine BEC with phishing, ransomware or all cybercrime to enlarge the evidence count. Earlier reports also discuss BEC/email-account compromise terminology; no claim of unchanged detection or reporting coverage is made."
  ],
  "limitations": [
    "Voluntary complaint reporting does not cover every attack, loss or victim. The totals must not be represented as a random sample of businesses.",
    "Crime classifications and loss assessments can evolve. Changes in reported dollars do not isolate changes in criminal activity from reporting, valuation and classification effects.",
    "Amounts are nominal USD, not inflation-adjusted losses, insured losses, recovered funds or the economic cost of all business disruption."
  ],
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "fbi-2022",
      "publisher": "Federal Bureau of Investigation, Internet Crime Complaint Center",
      "title": "2022 Internet Crime Report: three-year BEC comparison",
      "url": "https://www.ic3.gov/AnnualReport/Reports/2022_IC3Report.pdf",
      "publicationDate": null,
      "accessed": "2026-09-13",
      "primarySource": true,
      "license": "U.S. federal government data; attribution requested. No agency endorsement."
    },
    {
      "id": "fbi-2025",
      "publisher": "Federal Bureau of Investigation, Internet Crime Complaint Center",
      "title": "2025 Internet Crime Report: three-year BEC comparison",
      "url": "https://www.ic3.gov/AnnualReport/Reports/2025_IC3Report.pdf",
      "publicationDate": null,
      "accessed": "2026-09-13",
      "primarySource": true,
      "license": "U.S. federal government data; attribution requested. No agency endorsement."
    }
  ],
  "statistics": [
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      "stat_id": "bec-2025-count",
      "claim": "BEC complaints reported to IC3 in 2025: 24,768 (2025).",
      "value": 24768,
      "unit": "complaints",
      "population": "BEC-category complaints reported to FBI IC3; individuals and organizations, not a representative survey of U.S. firms",
      "geography": "IC3 reporting scope, including international complainants",
      "observation_period": "2025",
      "publisher": "Federal Bureau of Investigation, Internet Crime Complaint Center",
      "source_title": "2025 Internet Crime Report: three-year BEC comparison",
      "source_url": "https://www.ic3.gov/AnnualReport/Reports/2025_IC3Report.pdf",
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      "publication_date": null,
      "accessed_date": "2026-09-13",
      "primary_source": true,
      "method_notes": "Reported complaints, not unique firms or all attacks. The 2022 table labels its count view By Victim Count within the complaint comparison; no unique-person interpretation is made.",
      "license_notes": "U.S. federal government data; attribution requested. No agency endorsement.",
      "status": "verified",
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    {
      "stat_id": "bec-2025-loss",
      "claim": "BEC losses reported to IC3 in 2025: $3,046,598,558.00 (2025).",
      "value": 3046598558,
      "unit": "USD",
      "population": "BEC-category complaints reported to FBI IC3; individuals and organizations, not a representative survey of U.S. firms",
      "geography": "IC3 reporting scope, including international complainants",
      "observation_period": "2025",
      "publisher": "Federal Bureau of Investigation, Internet Crime Complaint Center",
      "source_title": "2025 Internet Crime Report: three-year BEC comparison",
      "source_url": "https://www.ic3.gov/AnnualReport/Reports/2025_IC3Report.pdf",
      "source_locator": "2025 report, printed page 26, three-year loss comparison, BEC row, 2025 column",
      "publication_date": null,
      "accessed_date": "2026-09-13",
      "primary_source": true,
      "method_notes": "IC3 reported/adjusted complaint losses in nominal USD. Foreign currencies converted where possible. Not total economic harm, and not a typical-victim loss.",
      "license_notes": "U.S. federal government data; attribution requested. No agency endorsement.",
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    {
      "stat_id": "bec-2024-count",
      "claim": "BEC complaints reported to IC3 in 2024: 21,442 (2024).",
      "value": 21442,
      "unit": "complaints",
      "population": "BEC-category complaints reported to FBI IC3; individuals and organizations, not a representative survey of U.S. firms",
      "geography": "IC3 reporting scope, including international complainants",
      "observation_period": "2024",
      "publisher": "Federal Bureau of Investigation, Internet Crime Complaint Center",
      "source_title": "2025 Internet Crime Report: three-year BEC comparison",
      "source_url": "https://www.ic3.gov/AnnualReport/Reports/2025_IC3Report.pdf",
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      "primary_source": true,
      "method_notes": "Reported complaints, not unique firms or all attacks. The 2022 table labels its count view By Victim Count within the complaint comparison; no unique-person interpretation is made.",
      "license_notes": "U.S. federal government data; attribution requested. No agency endorsement.",
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    {
      "stat_id": "bec-2024-loss",
      "claim": "BEC losses reported to IC3 in 2024: $2,770,151,146.00 (2024).",
      "value": 2770151146,
      "unit": "USD",
      "population": "BEC-category complaints reported to FBI IC3; individuals and organizations, not a representative survey of U.S. firms",
      "geography": "IC3 reporting scope, including international complainants",
      "observation_period": "2024",
      "publisher": "Federal Bureau of Investigation, Internet Crime Complaint Center",
      "source_title": "2025 Internet Crime Report: three-year BEC comparison",
      "source_url": "https://www.ic3.gov/AnnualReport/Reports/2025_IC3Report.pdf",
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      "method_notes": "IC3 reported/adjusted complaint losses in nominal USD. Foreign currencies converted where possible. Not total economic harm, and not a typical-victim loss.",
      "license_notes": "U.S. federal government data; attribution requested. No agency endorsement.",
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    },
    {
      "stat_id": "bec-2023-count",
      "claim": "BEC complaints reported to IC3 in 2023: 21,489 (2023).",
      "value": 21489,
      "unit": "complaints",
      "population": "BEC-category complaints reported to FBI IC3; individuals and organizations, not a representative survey of U.S. firms",
      "geography": "IC3 reporting scope, including international complainants",
      "observation_period": "2023",
      "publisher": "Federal Bureau of Investigation, Internet Crime Complaint Center",
      "source_title": "2025 Internet Crime Report: three-year BEC comparison",
      "source_url": "https://www.ic3.gov/AnnualReport/Reports/2025_IC3Report.pdf",
      "source_locator": "2025 report, printed page 25, three-year complaint comparison, BEC row, 2023 column",
      "publication_date": null,
      "accessed_date": "2026-09-13",
      "primary_source": true,
      "method_notes": "Reported complaints, not unique firms or all attacks. The 2022 table labels its count view By Victim Count within the complaint comparison; no unique-person interpretation is made.",
      "license_notes": "U.S. federal government data; attribution requested. No agency endorsement.",
      "status": "verified",
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    {
      "stat_id": "bec-2023-loss",
      "claim": "BEC losses reported to IC3 in 2023: $2,946,830,270.00 (2023).",
      "value": 2946830270,
      "unit": "USD",
      "population": "BEC-category complaints reported to FBI IC3; individuals and organizations, not a representative survey of U.S. firms",
      "geography": "IC3 reporting scope, including international complainants",
      "observation_period": "2023",
      "publisher": "Federal Bureau of Investigation, Internet Crime Complaint Center",
      "source_title": "2025 Internet Crime Report: three-year BEC comparison",
      "source_url": "https://www.ic3.gov/AnnualReport/Reports/2025_IC3Report.pdf",
      "source_locator": "2025 report, printed page 26, three-year loss comparison, BEC row, 2023 column",
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    {
      "stat_id": "bec-2022-count",
      "claim": "BEC complaints reported to IC3 in 2022: 21,832 (2022).",
      "value": 21832,
      "unit": "complaints",
      "population": "BEC-category complaints reported to FBI IC3; individuals and organizations, not a representative survey of U.S. firms",
      "geography": "IC3 reporting scope, including international complainants",
      "observation_period": "2022",
      "publisher": "Federal Bureau of Investigation, Internet Crime Complaint Center",
      "source_title": "2022 Internet Crime Report: three-year BEC comparison",
      "source_url": "https://www.ic3.gov/AnnualReport/Reports/2022_IC3Report.pdf",
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    {
      "stat_id": "bec-2022-loss",
      "claim": "BEC losses reported to IC3 in 2022: $2,742,354,049.00 (2022).",
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      "unit": "USD",
      "population": "BEC-category complaints reported to FBI IC3; individuals and organizations, not a representative survey of U.S. firms",
      "geography": "IC3 reporting scope, including international complainants",
      "observation_period": "2022",
      "publisher": "Federal Bureau of Investigation, Internet Crime Complaint Center",
      "source_title": "2022 Internet Crime Report: three-year BEC comparison",
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    {
      "stat_id": "bec-2021-count",
      "claim": "BEC complaints reported to IC3 in 2021: 19,954 (2021).",
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      "unit": "complaints",
      "population": "BEC-category complaints reported to FBI IC3; individuals and organizations, not a representative survey of U.S. firms",
      "geography": "IC3 reporting scope, including international complainants",
      "observation_period": "2021",
      "publisher": "Federal Bureau of Investigation, Internet Crime Complaint Center",
      "source_title": "2022 Internet Crime Report: three-year BEC comparison",
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      "population": "BEC-category complaints reported to FBI IC3; individuals and organizations, not a representative survey of U.S. firms",
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    {
      "stat_id": "bec-2020-count",
      "claim": "BEC complaints reported to IC3 in 2020: 19,369 (2020).",
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      "population": "BEC-category complaints reported to FBI IC3; individuals and organizations, not a representative survey of U.S. firms",
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