{
  "schema_version": "1.0.0",
  "title": "Revenue per Employee Benchmarks by Service Industry",
  "canonical_url": "https://workspace369.com/research/revenue-per-employee-benchmarks/",
  "published": "2026-09-13",
  "modified": "2026-09-13",
  "accessed": "2026-09-13",
  "language": "en",
  "scope": "Selected U.S. private-sector employer service industries; national aggregate revenue divided by corresponding March employment",
  "geography": "United States",
  "observation_period": "Calendar year 2024 revenue and March 12 employment",
  "license": "https://workspace369.com/downloads/research/license-v1.html",
  "editorial_owner": "Workspace369 editorial team",
  "review_cadence": "Review annually after Census AIES releases; retain source-vintage and unit checks.",
  "attribution": "Reported observations belong to the original producers. Workspace369 is responsible for the compilation and explicitly labeled calculations, not an original survey.",
  "methodology": [
    "We extracted national 2024 AIES00BASIC rows with TYPOP=00 and TAXSTAT=00 from the official public ZIP, using its supplied field dictionary. Selected service industries have no flagged input values or unresolved industry-footnote codes.",
    "Census reports revenue and payroll in USD thousands. Each ratio converts revenue to dollars and divides by the corresponding EMP_MAR12_NUM value. All formulas and input IDs are included in the ledger.",
    "This is a ratio of aggregate estimates, not an average of company ratios. The selected groups are not summed into an all-services benchmark, and no cross-year growth or inflation adjustment is calculated.",
    "The AIES uses a sampled employer-business frame and is subject to sampling and nonsampling error. Input CVs are retained as reliability metadata; no ratio uncertainty is computed without covariance information."
  ],
  "limitations": [
    "Nonemployer businesses and freelance side gigs are outside this employer-industry comparison. The source population and March headcount definition must remain attached to citations.",
    "National industry aggregates conceal firm-size, geographic and service-mix differences. They are not individual employee productivity measures or recommended sales quotas.",
    "The selection omits industries with unresolved footnotes instead of silently discarding their qualification. This is a selected service-industry benchmark, not an exhaustive industry ranking."
  ],
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "census",
      "publisher": "U.S. Census Bureau",
      "title": "2024 AIES00BASIC: employer-industry summary statistics",
      "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/aies/data/2024/AIES00BASIC.zip",
      "publicationDate": "2026-09-03",
      "accessed": "2026-09-13",
      "primarySource": true,
      "license": "U.S. federal government data; attribution requested. No agency endorsement.",
      "sha256": "39c4235026672e7bffdbc36292ed976726df368f2ca435219aef1c84e8e4faa6"
    },
    {
      "id": "method",
      "publisher": "U.S. Census Bureau",
      "title": "2024 AIES methodology",
      "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/aies/technical-documentation/methodology/2024-aies-methodology-final.pdf",
      "publicationDate": null,
      "accessed": "2026-09-13",
      "primarySource": true,
      "license": "U.S. federal government data; attribution requested. No agency endorsement."
    },
    {
      "id": "release",
      "publisher": "U.S. Census Bureau",
      "title": "2024 AIES data release",
      "url": "https://www.census.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2026/2024-aies-data-release.html",
      "publicationDate": "2026-09-03",
      "accessed": "2026-09-13",
      "primarySource": true,
      "license": "U.S. federal government data; attribution requested. No agency endorsement."
    }
  ],
  "statistics": [
    {
      "stat_id": "531-revenue",
      "claim": "Real estate: annual revenue, USD thousands: $682,146,688.00 (Calendar year 2024 revenue and March 12 employment).",
      "value": 682146688,
      "unit": "USD thousands",
      "population": "Selected U.S. private-sector employer service industries; national aggregate revenue divided by corresponding March employment; NAICS 2017 531, all operations and tax statuses",
      "geography": "United States",
      "observation_period": "Calendar year 2024 revenue and March 12 employment",
      "publisher": "U.S. Census Bureau",
      "source_title": "2024 AIES00BASIC: employer-industry summary statistics",
      "source_url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/aies/data/2024/AIES00BASIC.zip",
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      "accessed_date": "2026-09-13",
      "primary_source": true,
      "method_notes": "Census survey estimate. Published dollar amount is in thousands, not whole dollars. Revenue CV 0.6%; employment CV 1.2%. No flagged source estimate used.",
      "license_notes": "U.S. federal government data; attribution requested. No agency endorsement.",
      "status": "verified",
      "kind": "reported",
      "formula": null,
      "input_stat_ids": [],
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      "standard_error_percentage_points": null,
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    {
      "stat_id": "531-employees",
      "claim": "Real estate: March employment: 1,815,383 (Calendar year 2024 revenue and March 12 employment).",
      "value": 1815383,
      "unit": "employees",
      "population": "Selected U.S. private-sector employer service industries; national aggregate revenue divided by corresponding March employment; NAICS 2017 531, all operations and tax statuses",
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      "primary_source": true,
      "method_notes": "Census survey estimate. March headcount, not annual-average full-time equivalents. Revenue CV 0.6%; employment CV 1.2%. No flagged source estimate used.",
      "license_notes": "U.S. federal government data; attribution requested. No agency endorsement.",
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      "stat_id": "531-payroll",
      "claim": "Real estate: annual payroll, USD thousands: $120,949,436.00 (Calendar year 2024 revenue and March 12 employment).",
      "value": 120949436,
      "unit": "USD thousands",
      "population": "Selected U.S. private-sector employer service industries; national aggregate revenue divided by corresponding March employment; NAICS 2017 531, all operations and tax statuses",
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      "primary_source": true,
      "method_notes": "Census survey estimate. Published dollar amount is in thousands, not whole dollars. Revenue CV 0.6%; employment CV 1.2%. No flagged source estimate used.",
      "license_notes": "U.S. federal government data; attribution requested. No agency endorsement.",
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    {
      "stat_id": "531-revenue-per-employee",
      "claim": "Real estate: annual revenue per March employee: $375,759.10 (Calendar year 2024 revenue and March 12 employment).",
      "value": 375759.1,
      "unit": "USD per employee",
      "population": "Selected U.S. private-sector employer service industries; national aggregate revenue divided by corresponding March employment; NAICS 2017 531, all operations and tax statuses",
      "geography": "United States",
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      "accessed_date": "2026-09-13",
      "primary_source": false,
      "method_notes": "Annual revenue in USD thousands × 1000 ÷ March employee count; round to cents",
      "license_notes": "Attribute Workspace369 calculations; original input source rights remain with their producers.",
      "status": "verified",
      "kind": "calculated",
      "formula": "Annual revenue in USD thousands × 1000 ÷ March employee count; round to cents",
      "input_stat_ids": [
        "531-revenue",
        "531-employees"
      ],
      "input_source_urls": [
        "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/aies/data/2024/AIES00BASIC.zip"
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    {
      "stat_id": "5412-revenue",
      "claim": "Accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping, and payroll services: annual revenue, USD thousands: $246,704,121.00 (Calendar year 2024 revenue and March 12 employment).",
      "value": 246704121,
      "unit": "USD thousands",
      "population": "Selected U.S. private-sector employer service industries; national aggregate revenue divided by corresponding March employment; NAICS 2017 5412, all operations and tax statuses",
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      "source_url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/aies/data/2024/AIES00BASIC.zip",
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      "accessed_date": "2026-09-13",
      "primary_source": true,
      "method_notes": "Census survey estimate. Published dollar amount is in thousands, not whole dollars. Revenue CV 0.8%; employment CV 1%. No flagged source estimate used.",
      "license_notes": "U.S. federal government data; attribution requested. No agency endorsement.",
      "status": "verified",
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      "formula": null,
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    {
      "stat_id": "5412-employees",
      "claim": "Accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping, and payroll services: March employment: 1,487,481 (Calendar year 2024 revenue and March 12 employment).",
      "value": 1487481,
      "unit": "employees",
      "population": "Selected U.S. private-sector employer service industries; national aggregate revenue divided by corresponding March employment; NAICS 2017 5412, all operations and tax statuses",
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      "observation_period": "Calendar year 2024 revenue and March 12 employment",
      "publisher": "U.S. Census Bureau",
      "source_title": "2024 AIES00BASIC: employer-industry summary statistics",
      "source_url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/aies/data/2024/AIES00BASIC.zip",
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      "accessed_date": "2026-09-13",
      "primary_source": true,
      "method_notes": "Census survey estimate. March headcount, not annual-average full-time equivalents. Revenue CV 0.8%; employment CV 1%. No flagged source estimate used.",
      "license_notes": "U.S. federal government data; attribution requested. No agency endorsement.",
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      "stat_id": "5412-payroll",
      "claim": "Accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping, and payroll services: annual payroll, USD thousands: $100,264,109.00 (Calendar year 2024 revenue and March 12 employment).",
      "value": 100264109,
      "unit": "USD thousands",
      "population": "Selected U.S. private-sector employer service industries; national aggregate revenue divided by corresponding March employment; NAICS 2017 5412, all operations and tax statuses",
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      "observation_period": "Calendar year 2024 revenue and March 12 employment",
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      "source_title": "2024 AIES00BASIC: employer-industry summary statistics",
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      "primary_source": true,
      "method_notes": "Census survey estimate. Published dollar amount is in thousands, not whole dollars. Revenue CV 0.8%; employment CV 1%. No flagged source estimate used.",
      "license_notes": "U.S. federal government data; attribution requested. No agency endorsement.",
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    {
      "stat_id": "5412-revenue-per-employee",
      "claim": "Accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping, and payroll services: annual revenue per March employee: $165,853.63 (Calendar year 2024 revenue and March 12 employment).",
      "value": 165853.63,
      "unit": "USD per employee",
      "population": "Selected U.S. private-sector employer service industries; national aggregate revenue divided by corresponding March employment; NAICS 2017 5412, all operations and tax statuses",
      "geography": "United States",
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      "publisher": "Workspace369 (calculation from cited primary inputs)",
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      "accessed_date": "2026-09-13",
      "primary_source": false,
      "method_notes": "Annual revenue in USD thousands × 1000 ÷ March employee count; round to cents",
      "license_notes": "Attribute Workspace369 calculations; original input source rights remain with their producers.",
      "status": "verified",
      "kind": "calculated",
      "formula": "Annual revenue in USD thousands × 1000 ÷ March employee count; round to cents",
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      "input_source_urls": [
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    {
      "stat_id": "5413-revenue",
      "claim": "Architectural, engineering, and related services: annual revenue, USD thousands: $481,449,094.00 (Calendar year 2024 revenue and March 12 employment).",
      "value": 481449094,
      "unit": "USD thousands",
      "population": "Selected U.S. private-sector employer service industries; national aggregate revenue divided by corresponding March employment; NAICS 2017 5413, all operations and tax statuses",
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      "publisher": "U.S. Census Bureau",
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      "source_url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/aies/data/2024/AIES00BASIC.zip",
      "source_locator": "AIES00BASIC.dat line 1656; GEOTYPE=01; NAICS2017=5413; TYPOP=00; TAXSTAT=00; YEAR=2024; RCPT_TOT_VAL",
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      "accessed_date": "2026-09-13",
      "primary_source": true,
      "method_notes": "Census survey estimate. Published dollar amount is in thousands, not whole dollars. Revenue CV 0.8%; employment CV 0.8%. No flagged source estimate used.",
      "license_notes": "U.S. federal government data; attribution requested. No agency endorsement.",
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    },
    {
      "stat_id": "5413-employees",
      "claim": "Architectural, engineering, and related services: March employment: 1,799,846 (Calendar year 2024 revenue and March 12 employment).",
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      "unit": "employees",
      "population": "Selected U.S. private-sector employer service industries; national aggregate revenue divided by corresponding March employment; NAICS 2017 5413, all operations and tax statuses",
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      "publisher": "U.S. Census Bureau",
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      "primary_source": true,
      "method_notes": "Census survey estimate. March headcount, not annual-average full-time equivalents. Revenue CV 0.8%; employment CV 0.8%. No flagged source estimate used.",
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      "value": 187743512,
      "unit": "USD thousands",
      "population": "Selected U.S. private-sector employer service industries; national aggregate revenue divided by corresponding March employment; NAICS 2017 5413, all operations and tax statuses",
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      "publisher": "U.S. Census Bureau",
      "source_title": "2024 AIES00BASIC: employer-industry summary statistics",
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      "accessed_date": "2026-09-13",
      "primary_source": true,
      "method_notes": "Census survey estimate. Published dollar amount is in thousands, not whole dollars. Revenue CV 0.8%; employment CV 0.8%. No flagged source estimate used.",
      "license_notes": "U.S. federal government data; attribution requested. No agency endorsement.",
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    {
      "stat_id": "5413-revenue-per-employee",
      "claim": "Architectural, engineering, and related services: annual revenue per March employee: $267,494.60 (Calendar year 2024 revenue and March 12 employment).",
      "value": 267494.6,
      "unit": "USD per employee",
      "population": "Selected U.S. private-sector employer service industries; national aggregate revenue divided by corresponding March employment; NAICS 2017 5413, all operations and tax statuses",
      "geography": "United States",
      "observation_period": "Calendar year 2024 revenue and March 12 employment",
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      "license_notes": "Attribute Workspace369 calculations; original input source rights remain with their producers.",
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      "stat_id": "5414-revenue",
      "claim": "Specialized design services: annual revenue, USD thousands: $39,426,414.00 (Calendar year 2024 revenue and March 12 employment).",
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      "population": "Selected U.S. private-sector employer service industries; national aggregate revenue divided by corresponding March employment; NAICS 2017 5417, all operations and tax statuses",
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      "observation_period": "Calendar year 2024 revenue and March 12 employment",
      "publisher": "U.S. Census Bureau",
      "source_title": "2024 AIES00BASIC: employer-industry summary statistics",
      "source_url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/aies/data/2024/AIES00BASIC.zip",
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      "primary_source": true,
      "method_notes": "Census survey estimate. Published dollar amount is in thousands, not whole dollars. Revenue CV 1.7%; employment CV 1%. No flagged source estimate used.",
      "license_notes": "U.S. federal government data; attribution requested. No agency endorsement.",
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    {
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      "claim": "Scientific research and development services: annual revenue per March employee: $367,799.44 (Calendar year 2024 revenue and March 12 employment).",
      "value": 367799.44,
      "unit": "USD per employee",
      "population": "Selected U.S. private-sector employer service industries; national aggregate revenue divided by corresponding March employment; NAICS 2017 5417, all operations and tax statuses",
      "geography": "United States",
      "observation_period": "Calendar year 2024 revenue and March 12 employment",
      "publisher": "Workspace369 (calculation from cited primary inputs)",
      "source_title": "Revenue per Employee Benchmarks by Service Industry: Workspace369 model",
      "source_url": "https://workspace369.com/research/revenue-per-employee-benchmarks/",
      "source_locator": "Workspace369 calculation; see formula and input IDs in the download",
      "publication_date": "2026-09-13",
      "accessed_date": "2026-09-13",
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      "status": "verified",
      "kind": "calculated",
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      "input_source_urls": [
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    {
      "stat_id": "5418-revenue",
      "claim": "Advertising, public relations, and related services: annual revenue, USD thousands: $149,867,658.00 (Calendar year 2024 revenue and March 12 employment).",
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      "publisher": "U.S. Census Bureau",
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      "source_url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/aies/data/2024/AIES00BASIC.zip",
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      "primary_source": true,
      "method_notes": "Census survey estimate. Published dollar amount is in thousands, not whole dollars. Revenue CV 1.3%; employment CV 1%. No flagged source estimate used.",
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      "primary_source": true,
      "method_notes": "Census survey estimate. March headcount, not annual-average full-time equivalents. Revenue CV 1.3%; employment CV 1%. No flagged source estimate used.",
      "license_notes": "U.S. federal government data; attribution requested. No agency endorsement.",
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      "publisher": "U.S. Census Bureau",
      "source_title": "2024 AIES00BASIC: employer-industry summary statistics",
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      "method_notes": "Census survey estimate. Published dollar amount is in thousands, not whole dollars. Revenue CV 1.3%; employment CV 1%. No flagged source estimate used.",
      "license_notes": "U.S. federal government data; attribution requested. No agency endorsement.",
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    {
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      "claim": "Advertising, public relations, and related services: annual revenue per March employee: $315,667.70 (Calendar year 2024 revenue and March 12 employment).",
      "value": 315667.7,
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      "publication_date": "2026-09-13",
      "accessed_date": "2026-09-13",
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      "license_notes": "Attribute Workspace369 calculations; original input source rights remain with their producers.",
      "status": "verified",
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      "formula": "Annual revenue in USD thousands × 1000 ÷ March employee count; round to cents",
      "input_stat_ids": [
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      ],
      "input_source_urls": [
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      "canonical_url": "https://workspace369.com/research/revenue-per-employee-benchmarks/#5418-revenue-per-employee",
      "source_flag": null,
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    },
    {
      "stat_id": "5419-revenue",
      "claim": "Other professional, scientific, and technical services: annual revenue, USD thousands: $145,495,327.00 (Calendar year 2024 revenue and March 12 employment).",
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      "observation_period": "Calendar year 2024 revenue and March 12 employment",
      "publisher": "U.S. Census Bureau",
      "source_title": "2024 AIES00BASIC: employer-industry summary statistics",
      "source_url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/aies/data/2024/AIES00BASIC.zip",
      "source_locator": "AIES00BASIC.dat line 1723; GEOTYPE=01; NAICS2017=5419; TYPOP=00; TAXSTAT=00; YEAR=2024; RCPT_TOT_VAL",
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      "accessed_date": "2026-09-13",
      "primary_source": true,
      "method_notes": "Census survey estimate. Published dollar amount is in thousands, not whole dollars. Revenue CV 1.5%; employment CV 1.7%. No flagged source estimate used.",
      "license_notes": "U.S. federal government data; attribution requested. No agency endorsement.",
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      "canonical_url": "https://workspace369.com/research/revenue-per-employee-benchmarks/#5419-revenue",
      "source_flag": null,
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    {
      "stat_id": "5419-employees",
      "claim": "Other professional, scientific, and technical services: March employment: 795,176 (Calendar year 2024 revenue and March 12 employment).",
      "value": 795176,
      "unit": "employees",
      "population": "Selected U.S. private-sector employer service industries; national aggregate revenue divided by corresponding March employment; NAICS 2017 5419, all operations and tax statuses",
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      "observation_period": "Calendar year 2024 revenue and March 12 employment",
      "publisher": "U.S. Census Bureau",
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      "accessed_date": "2026-09-13",
      "primary_source": true,
      "method_notes": "Census survey estimate. March headcount, not annual-average full-time equivalents. Revenue CV 1.5%; employment CV 1.7%. No flagged source estimate used.",
      "license_notes": "U.S. federal government data; attribution requested. No agency endorsement.",
      "status": "verified",
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      "canonical_url": "https://workspace369.com/research/revenue-per-employee-benchmarks/#5419-employees",
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    {
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      "publisher": "U.S. Census Bureau",
      "source_title": "2024 AIES00BASIC: employer-industry summary statistics",
      "source_url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/aies/data/2024/AIES00BASIC.zip",
      "source_locator": "AIES00BASIC.dat line 1723; GEOTYPE=01; NAICS2017=5419; TYPOP=00; TAXSTAT=00; YEAR=2024; PAY_ANN_VAL",
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      "primary_source": true,
      "method_notes": "Census survey estimate. Published dollar amount is in thousands, not whole dollars. Revenue CV 1.5%; employment CV 1.7%. No flagged source estimate used.",
      "license_notes": "U.S. federal government data; attribution requested. No agency endorsement.",
      "status": "verified",
      "kind": "reported",
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      "canonical_url": "https://workspace369.com/research/revenue-per-employee-benchmarks/#5419-payroll",
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    {
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      "claim": "Other professional, scientific, and technical services: annual revenue per March employee: $182,972.48 (Calendar year 2024 revenue and March 12 employment).",
      "value": 182972.48,
      "unit": "USD per employee",
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      "geography": "United States",
      "observation_period": "Calendar year 2024 revenue and March 12 employment",
      "publisher": "Workspace369 (calculation from cited primary inputs)",
      "source_title": "Revenue per Employee Benchmarks by Service Industry: Workspace369 model",
      "source_url": "https://workspace369.com/research/revenue-per-employee-benchmarks/",
      "source_locator": "Workspace369 calculation; see formula and input IDs in the download",
      "publication_date": "2026-09-13",
      "accessed_date": "2026-09-13",
      "primary_source": false,
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      "license_notes": "Attribute Workspace369 calculations; original input source rights remain with their producers.",
      "status": "verified",
      "kind": "calculated",
      "formula": "Annual revenue in USD thousands × 1000 ÷ March employee count; round to cents",
      "input_stat_ids": [
        "5419-revenue",
        "5419-employees"
      ],
      "input_source_urls": [
        "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/aies/data/2024/AIES00BASIC.zip"
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      "stat_id": "5613-revenue",
      "claim": "Employment services: annual revenue, USD thousands: $562,087,713.00 (Calendar year 2024 revenue and March 12 employment).",
      "value": 562087713,
      "unit": "USD thousands",
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      "geography": "United States",
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      "publisher": "U.S. Census Bureau",
      "source_title": "2024 AIES00BASIC: employer-industry summary statistics",
      "source_url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/aies/data/2024/AIES00BASIC.zip",
      "source_locator": "AIES00BASIC.dat line 1745; GEOTYPE=01; NAICS2017=5613; TYPOP=00; TAXSTAT=00; YEAR=2024; RCPT_TOT_VAL",
      "publication_date": "2026-09-03",
      "accessed_date": "2026-09-13",
      "primary_source": true,
      "method_notes": "Census survey estimate. Published dollar amount is in thousands, not whole dollars. Revenue CV 1.2%; employment CV 1.4%. No flagged source estimate used.",
      "license_notes": "U.S. federal government data; attribution requested. No agency endorsement.",
      "status": "verified",
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    {
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      "unit": "employees",
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      "geography": "United States",
      "observation_period": "Calendar year 2024 revenue and March 12 employment",
      "publisher": "U.S. Census Bureau",
      "source_title": "2024 AIES00BASIC: employer-industry summary statistics",
      "source_url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/aies/data/2024/AIES00BASIC.zip",
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      "publication_date": "2026-09-03",
      "accessed_date": "2026-09-13",
      "primary_source": true,
      "method_notes": "Census survey estimate. March headcount, not annual-average full-time equivalents. Revenue CV 1.2%; employment CV 1.4%. No flagged source estimate used.",
      "license_notes": "U.S. federal government data; attribution requested. No agency endorsement.",
      "status": "verified",
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      "formula": null,
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      "publisher": "U.S. Census Bureau",
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      "primary_source": true,
      "method_notes": "Census survey estimate. Published dollar amount is in thousands, not whole dollars. Revenue CV 1.2%; employment CV 1.4%. No flagged source estimate used.",
      "license_notes": "U.S. federal government data; attribution requested. No agency endorsement.",
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    {
      "stat_id": "5613-revenue-per-employee",
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      "publisher": "Workspace369 (calculation from cited primary inputs)",
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      "source_url": "https://workspace369.com/research/revenue-per-employee-benchmarks/",
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      "publication_date": "2026-09-13",
      "accessed_date": "2026-09-13",
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      "license_notes": "Attribute Workspace369 calculations; original input source rights remain with their producers.",
      "status": "verified",
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      "formula": "Annual revenue in USD thousands × 1000 ÷ March employee count; round to cents",
      "input_stat_ids": [
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        "5613-employees"
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      "input_source_urls": [
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    {
      "stat_id": "5614-revenue",
      "claim": "Business support services: annual revenue, USD thousands: $91,036,868.00 (Calendar year 2024 revenue and March 12 employment).",
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