Key takeaways
Each takeaway links to its canonical data row. Reported figures belong to their cited producer; modeled results are labeled as calculations.
- Total, 16 years and over: independent contractors on sole or main job, in thousands: 11,904 (July 2023 supplement; verified in September 2026).U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
- Total, 16 years and over: independent contractors as a share of group employment: 7.4% (July 2023 supplement; verified in September 2026).U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
- Upwork 2023: Americans who freelanced in the past year: 64 million (2023).Upwork
- Upwork 2023 freelancer count minus BLS July 2023 main-job contractor count: 52.1 million (2023).Workspace369 calculation
- Computer and mathematical occupations: independent contractors as a share of group employment: 3% (July 2023 supplement; verified in September 2026).U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
- Legal occupations: independent contractors as a share of group employment: 8.3% (July 2023 supplement; verified in September 2026).U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
- Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations: independent contractors as a share of group employment: 28.1% (July 2023 supplement; verified in September 2026).U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
- Sales and related occupations: independent contractors as a share of group employment: 10.7% (July 2023 supplement; verified in September 2026).U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
- Office and administrative support occupations: independent contractors as a share of group employment: 3.1% (July 2023 supplement; verified in September 2026).U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
- Information: independent contractors as a share of group employment: 10.5% (July 2023 supplement; verified in September 2026).U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
- Real estate and rental and leasing: independent contractors as a share of group employment: 24.2% (July 2023 supplement; verified in September 2026).U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
- Professional and technical services: independent contractors as a share of group employment: 12.2% (July 2023 supplement; verified in September 2026).U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
- Management, administrative, and waste services: independent contractors as a share of group employment: 16.3% (July 2023 supplement; verified in September 2026).U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
- Educational services: independent contractors as a share of group employment: 1.9% (July 2023 supplement; verified in September 2026).U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
How many freelancers are there in the US?
Between 11.9 million and 74.9 million, depending on the definition. BLS counted 11.9 million people whose sole or main job was independent contracting in July 2023. Upwork’s survey counted 64 million Americans who did any freelance work in 2023, and MBO Partners counts 74.9 million who work independently at least monthly in 2026.
BLS is a government household survey; Upwork and MBO Partners run online surveys and serve independent workers. MBO Partners’ 2026 release also says full-time independents are 22% of all full-time U.S. workers. It gives no 2026 full-time, part-time or occasional counts, so those cells read “Not stated in the release” below. Quote the number that matches your definition and name it.
Primary sources: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics — November 8, 2024 · Upwork — checked October 17, 2026 · MBO Partners — September 28, 2026
How many workers are independent contractors?
The count describes people whose sole or main job is an independent contractor arrangement. The percentage uses all employed people in the named group as its denominator, not the total contractor workforce.
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| Population | Independent contractors (thousands) | Share of group employment |
|---|---|---|
| Total, 16 years and over | 11,904 | 7.4% |
Industry and occupation views overlap. Parent groups include their subgroups. Do not sum rows or relabel the count as registered freelance businesses.
Primary source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics — November 8, 2024
How do independent contractors compare by occupation?
The count describes people whose sole or main job is an independent contractor arrangement. The percentage uses all employed people in the named group as its denominator, not the total contractor workforce.
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| occupation | Independent contractors (thousands) | Share of group employment |
|---|---|---|
| Management, professional, and related occupations | 5,303 | 7.5% |
| Management, business, and financial operations occupations | 2,993 | 9.6% |
| Management occupations | 2,239 | 10.8% |
| Business and financial operations occupations | 754 | 7.3% |
| Professional and related occupations | 2,310 | 5.8% |
| Computer and mathematical occupations | 203 | 3% |
| Architecture and engineering occupations | 170 | 4.4% |
| Life, physical, and social science occupations | 122 | 6.1% |
| Community and social services occupations | 167 | 5.4% |
| Legal occupations | 182 | 8.3% |
| Education, training, and library occupations | 159 | 1.9% |
| Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations | 1,001 | 28.1% |
| Healthcare practitioners and technical occupations | 306 | 3.1% |
| Service occupations | 1,901 | 7.2% |
| Healthcare support occupations | 164 | 3.3% |
| Protective service occupations | 30 | 0.9% |
| Food preparation and serving related occupations | 104 | 1.3% |
| Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations | 761 | 13.2% |
| Personal care and service occupations | 842 | 19.7% |
| Sales and office occupations | 2,060 | 6.7% |
| Sales and related occupations | 1,553 | 10.7% |
| Office and administrative support occupations | 507 | 3.1% |
| Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations | 1,661 | 11.9% |
| Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations | 60 | 5.6% |
| Construction and extraction occupations | 1,212 | 15.1% |
| Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations | 388 | 7.9% |
| Production, transportation, and material moving occupations | 979 | 5% |
| Production occupations | 253 | 3.1% |
| Transportation and material moving occupations | 725 | 6.3% |
Industry and occupation views overlap. Parent groups include their subgroups. Do not sum rows or relabel the count as registered freelance businesses.
Primary source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics — November 8, 2024
How do independent contractors compare by industry?
The count describes people whose sole or main job is an independent contractor arrangement. The percentage uses all employed people in the named group as its denominator, not the total contractor workforce.
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| industry | Independent contractors (thousands) | Share of group employment |
|---|---|---|
| Agriculture and related industries | 282 | 12.8% |
| Nonagricultural industries | 11,622 | 7.3% |
| Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction | 9 | 1.5% |
| Construction | 2,121 | 18.5% |
| Manufacturing | 347 | 2.2% |
| Durable goods manufacturing | 254 | 2.4% |
| Nondurable goods manufacturing | 92 | 1.7% |
| Wholesale and retail trade | 927 | 4.5% |
| Wholesale trade | 185 | 5% |
| Retail trade | 742 | 4.5% |
| Transportation and utilities | 938 | 9.5% |
| Transportation and warehousing | 899 | 10.8% |
| Utilities | 39 | 2.6% |
| Information | 302 | 10.5% |
| Financial activities | 1,185 | 10.8% |
| Finance and insurance | 405 | 5.3% |
| Real estate and rental and leasing | 780 | 24.2% |
| Professional and business services | 2,864 | 13.5% |
| Professional and technical services | 1,736 | 12.2% |
| Management, administrative, and waste services | 1,128 | 16.3% |
| Education and health services | 1,050 | 2.9% |
| Educational services | 248 | 1.9% |
| Health care and social assistance | 802 | 3.5% |
| Leisure and hospitality | 752 | 5.1% |
| Arts, entertainment, and recreation | 579 | 14.4% |
| Accommodation and food services | 173 | 1.6% |
| Other services | 1,099 | 14.4% |
| Public administration | 29 | 0.3% |
Industry and occupation views overlap. Parent groups include their subgroups. Do not sum rows or relabel the count as registered freelance businesses.
Primary source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics — November 8, 2024
How many Americans freelance, according to the Upwork survey?
The Freelancing in America survey (Freelance Forward from 2020) put the number at 53 million in 2014 and 64 million in 2023, about a third of the workforce. It counts anyone who did any freelance work in the past 12 months, including side gigs, so it is far broader than the BLS contractor count above.
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| Edition | Freelancers | Share of workforce | Freelance earnings | Sample and fieldwork |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | 53 million | 34% | $715 billion | More than 5,050 U.S. working adults online, July 19–31, 2014 (Edelman Berland) |
| 2015 | 53.7 million | 34% | Not stated in the release | More than 7,100 U.S. working adults online, July 30–August 14, 2015 (Edelman Berland) |
| 2016 | 55 million | 35% | $1 trillion | More than 6,000 U.S. working adults online, July 29–August 24, 2016 (Edelman Intelligence) |
| 2017 | 57.3 million | 36% | $1.4 trillion | 6,000 U.S. working adults online, July 21–August 14, 2017 (Edelman Intelligence) |
| 2018 | 56.7 million | 35% | Not stated in the release | 6,001 U.S. working adults online, June 21–July 12, 2018 (Edelman Intelligence) |
| 2019 | 57 million | 35% | $1 trillion | 6,001 U.S. working adults online, June 7–July 3, 2019 (Edelman Intelligence) |
| 2020 (Freelance Forward) | 59 million | 36% | $1.2 trillion | 6,001 U.S. working adults online, June 15–July 7, 2020 (Edelman Intelligence) |
| 2021 (Freelance Forward) | 59 million | 36% | $1.3 trillion | 6,000 U.S. working adults online, August 27–September 29, 2021 (Edelman Data & Intelligence) |
| 2022 (Freelance Forward) | 60 million | 39% | $1.35 trillion | 3,000 U.S. working adults online, September 21–October 7, 2022 (Edelman Data & Intelligence) |
| 2023 (Freelance Forward) | 64 million | 38% | $1.27 trillion | 3,000 U.S. working adults online, October 24–November 9, 2023 (Edelman Data & Intelligence) |
Commissioned by Upwork (with Freelancers Union through 2019) and fielded online by Edelman. In 2022 the sample halved to 3,000 and the workforce base changed (153 million non-farm payrolls in 2022, a 168 million civilian labor force in 2023), so 2022–2023 is not a clean continuation of the earlier series. No edition after 2023 was found.
Primary sources: Upwork and Freelancers Union — September 3, 2014 · Upwork and Freelancers Union — checked October 17, 2026 · Upwork and Freelancers Union — October 6, 2016 · Upwork and Freelancers Union — October 17, 2017 · Upwork and Freelancers Union — October 31, 2018 · Upwork and Freelancers Union — October 3, 2019 · Upwork — checked October 17, 2026 · Upwork — checked October 17, 2026 · Upwork — checked October 17, 2026 · Upwork — checked October 17, 2026
How many independent workers does MBO Partners count?
MBO Partners’ State of Independence survey counts 74.9 million independent workers in 2026. About half are occasional independents who work this way as little as once a month, which is why its total is higher than Upwork’s.
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| Edition | All independents | Full-time (15+ hours a week) | Part-time | Occasional | Sample and fieldwork |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 74.9 million | Not stated in the release | Not stated in the release | Not stated in the release | 4,557 U.S. adults, including 2,063 independent workers, April 2026 (Emergent Research and Radius Insights) |
| 2025 | 72.9 million | 27.6 million | 7.9 million | 37.4 million | 6,474 U.S. adults, including 2,402 independent workers, April 2025 (Emergent Research and Illuminas) |
| 2024 | 72.7 million | 27.7 million | 8.5 million | 36.5 million | June 2024 survey (Emergent Research and Illuminas) |
| 2023 | 72.1 million | Not stated in the release | Not stated in the release | Not stated in the release | July 2023 survey (Emergent Research and Rockbridge) |
| 2022 | 64.6 million | 21.6 million | Not stated in the release | 31.9 million | Sample not stated in the release |
Each edition’s report was read directly. The 2026 release gives only the total. Totals include occasional independents, so do not compare them with main-job contractor counts.
Primary sources: MBO Partners — September 28, 2026 · MBO Partners — September 9, 2025 · MBO Partners — October 15, 2024 · MBO Partners — October 31, 2023 · MBO Partners — November 30, 2022
Has the BLS independent contractor count changed over time?
BLS counted 10.6 million independent contractors (6.9% of employment) in May 2017 and 11.9 million (7.4%) in July 2023. The 2005 share was also 7.4%. BLS runs this supplement only occasionally, so there are no yearly figures in between.
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| Survey month | Independent contractors | Share of total employment |
|---|---|---|
| February 2005 | Count not given in the 2017 release | 7.4% |
| May 2017 | 10.6 million | 6.9% |
| July 2023 | 11.9 million (11,904 thousand; see the first table) | 7.4% (see the first table) |
The July 2023 figures are the Table 6 values in the first table on this page. BLS household-survey estimates have sampling error; the 2017–2023 change is not a significance-tested trend.
Primary sources: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics — June 7, 2018 · U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics — November 8, 2024
Why do freelancer surveys count five times more people than BLS?
Because they measure different things. BLS counts people whose sole or main job is independent contracting (11.9 million in July 2023). Upwork counts anyone who did any freelance work in the past year, including side gigs on top of a regular job (64 million in 2023), and MBO Partners adds people who work independently as little as once a month (72.1 million in 2023).
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| Comparison for 2023 | Survey count minus BLS count | How the definitions differ |
|---|---|---|
| Upwork Freelance Forward 2023 vs BLS July 2023 | 52.1 million | Any freelance work in the past 12 months, including second jobs and occasional gigs, vs the sole or main job in the survey week |
| MBO Partners 2023 vs BLS July 2023 | 60.2 million | Independent work at least monthly (including occasional) vs the sole or main job |
The other differences: the surveys are online panels commissioned by companies that sell to freelancers, while BLS uses a household probability sample of about 60,000 homes. The surveys also scale their sample share to different workforce bases. None of the three numbers is wrong; each answers a different question. Quote the one that matches yours, and say which definition it uses.
Primary sources: Upwork — checked October 17, 2026 · MBO Partners — October 31, 2023 · U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics — November 8, 2024
What did the archived Freelancers Union and AND.CO pages report?
Many articles still cite these pages, which no longer load. We read them in the Internet Archive. The Freelancers Union posts summarise the Upwork survey rows above. AND.CO’s Slash Workers survey was small and partly outside the US, so it is not a national count.
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| Archived page | Figure | Value |
|---|---|---|
| Freelancers Union, Freelancing in America 2015 (archived) | Americans doing freelance work, reported as “nearly 54 million” | 54 million |
| Freelancers Union, Freelancing in America 2016 (archived) | Americans freelancing, reported as “nearly 55 million” | 55 million |
| Freelancers Union, Freelancing in America 2016 (archived) | Freelancers’ contribution to the economy | $1 trillion |
| AND.CO, The Slash Workers (archived) | Respondents whose services vary by client and project (“Slash Workers”) | 95% |
The original addresses now redirect to the Freelancers Union homepage or to Fiverr. Each source entry gives the original address and links to the snapshot we read.
Primary sources: Freelancers Union — October 1, 2015 · Freelancers Union — October 6, 2016 · AND.CO — checked October 17, 2026
Does this measure include every freelancer and side gig?
No. A person with a traditional main job and occasional independent side work is outside this main-job contractor count. Freelancing is broader everyday language, not a replacement for the survey definition.
The source publishes separate second-job tables. This edition does not add them to main-job estimates, which could double-count people.
Primary source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics — November 8, 2024
Are independent contractors and contingent workers the same?
No. An alternative work arrangement concerns how someone works; contingency concerns whether work is temporary under the survey’s definition. Neither classification can be inferred automatically from the other.
These survey categories also do not decide a person’s legal employment or tax classification.
Primary source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics — November 8, 2024
How should a service business use these benchmarks?
Use them to describe workforce arrangements, then keep your operational records grounded in each engagement’s actual scope, deliverables, contacts and payment terms.
The benchmark does not establish fair fees, contractor profitability, labor-law compliance or the superiority of one staffing model.
Methodology and limitations
- We extracted the independent-contractor columns of BLS Table 6, retaining the distinction between levels in thousands and group-specific employment shares.
- For multiple jobholders, the arrangement is determined from the main job. We do not combine main-job and second-job counts or treat contingent and alternative arrangements as disjoint categories.
- The observation is July 2023, not 2026. This page’s verification date records when the evidence was checked, not when people were surveyed.
- Survey figures come from each sponsor’s own release or report, quoted in the download locator. Where an original page no longer serves the release, we read and link the Internet Archive snapshot and record the original address.
- The survey-minus-BLS differences are Workspace369 calculations that put two differently defined measures in the same unit. They show the size of the definitional gap, not a count of any group of workers.
What these numbers cannot tell you
- Survey self-reports, sampling error and the main-job definition limit the interpretation. These estimates are not a count of all occasional freelance activity.
- Counts in thousands are rounded. Do not use displayed levels to claim more precise percentages than BLS reports.
- No worker-classification, tax or hiring advice is provided. Contractor prevalence does not measure earnings or job quality.
- The Upwork and MBO Partners surveys are online surveys commissioned by companies that serve independent workers. Their sponsors scale sample shares to a workforce total, and those methods changed between editions. Treat them as sponsor estimates, not official statistics.
Freshness and corrections
Maintained by the Workspace369 editorial team. Review when BLS releases a new Contingent Worker Supplement; check source availability annually. The edition date changes only when the evidence or content is substantively reviewed; it does not change the underlying observation period.
First edition: . Data extraction, source attribution and arithmetic checked for this edition. No independent peer review is claimed.
Found an error or a newer primary release? Send a correction with the source and affected statistic. Confirmed corrections are recorded below before republishing.
Revision history
Evidence dates above describe the report. Download and citation updates below do not imply that sources were checked again.
- — Versioned CSV and JSON archives, checksums and reference-manager exports added. Source observations and evidence dates are unchanged.
- — Added the Upwork Freelancing in America and Freelance Forward survey counts (2014–2023), MBO Partners State of Independence counts (2022–2026), the BLS May 2017 and February 2005 contractor figures, a survey-versus-BLS gap section, and archived Freelancers Union and AND.CO figures read in the Internet Archive. The BLS July 2023 values are unchanged.
- — Added a one-line answer (11.9 million to 74.9 million, by definition) and MBO Partners’ 2026 statement that full-time independents are 22% of full-time U.S. workers, from its September 28, 2026 release. No 2026 breakdown was estimated; existing figures are unchanged.
Primary sources and provenance
Every reported numeric cell links directly to its producer. The downloads include exact table or workbook locators, observation periods, access dates, formulas and input references.
- U.S. Bureau of Labor StatisticsContingent and Alternative Employment Arrangements: Table 6 ↗Published November 8, 2024. Accessed September 13, 2026.U.S. federal government data; attribution requested. No agency endorsement.
Source file fingerprint (SHA-256)
9e9f5a587821fc9bc870fb456fc10beed5b41629e13e7da81dacceae640029f3 - Upwork and Freelancers Union53 Million Americans Now Freelance, New Study Finds (Internet Archive copy) ↗Published September 3, 2014. Accessed October 17, 2026.Archived copy: this link opens the Internet Archive snapshot we read. Original address: https://www.upwork.com/press/2014/09/03/53-million-americans-now-freelance-new-study-finds-2/Selected factual observations with attribution. The source report and underlying responses remain with Upwork; this compilation does not relicense them.
- Upwork and Freelancers UnionFreelancers Union and Upwork release new study revealing insights into the almost 54 million people freelancing in America ↗Publication date not recorded; see the original source. Accessed October 17, 2026.Selected factual observations with attribution. The source report and underlying responses remain with Upwork; this compilation does not relicense them.
- Upwork and Freelancers UnionNew study finds freelance economy grew to 55 million Americans this year, 35% of total U.S. workforce (Internet Archive copy) ↗Published October 6, 2016. Accessed October 17, 2026.Archived copy: this link opens the Internet Archive snapshot we read. Original address: https://www.upwork.com/press/2016/10/06/freelancing-in-america-2016/Selected factual observations with attribution. The source report and underlying responses remain with Upwork; this compilation does not relicense them.
- Upwork and Freelancers UnionFreelancing in America 2017 (Internet Archive copy) ↗Published October 17, 2017. Accessed October 17, 2026.Archived copy: this link opens the Internet Archive snapshot we read. Original address: https://www.upwork.com/press/2017/10/17/freelancing-in-america-2017/Selected factual observations with attribution. The source report and underlying responses remain with Upwork; this compilation does not relicense them.
- Upwork and Freelancers UnionFreelancing in America 2018 (Internet Archive copy) ↗Published October 31, 2018. Accessed October 17, 2026.Archived copy: this link opens the Internet Archive snapshot we read. Original address: https://www.upwork.com/press/2018/10/31/freelancing-in-america-2018/Selected factual observations with attribution. The source report and underlying responses remain with Upwork; this compilation does not relicense them.
- Upwork and Freelancers UnionFreelancing in America 2019 (Internet Archive copy) ↗Published October 3, 2019. Accessed October 17, 2026.Archived copy: this link opens the Internet Archive snapshot we read. Original address: https://www.upwork.com/press/2019/10/03/freelancing-in-america-2019/Selected factual observations with attribution. The source report and underlying responses remain with Upwork; this compilation does not relicense them.
- UpworkNew Upwork Study Finds 36% of the U.S. Workforce Freelance Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic (Internet Archive copy) ↗Publication date not recorded; see the original source. Accessed October 17, 2026.Archived copy: this link opens the Internet Archive snapshot we read. Original address: https://www.upwork.com/press/releases/new-upwork-study-finds-36-of-the-us-workforce-freelance-amid-the-covid-19-pandemicSelected factual observations with attribution. The source report and underlying responses remain with Upwork; this compilation does not relicense them.
- UpworkUpwork Study Finds 59 Million Americans Freelancing Amid Turbulent Labor Market ↗Publication date not recorded; see the original source. Accessed October 17, 2026.Selected factual observations with attribution. The source report and underlying responses remain with Upwork; this compilation does not relicense them.
- UpworkFreelance Forward 2022 ↗Publication date not recorded; see the original source. Accessed October 17, 2026.Selected factual observations with attribution. The source report and underlying responses remain with Upwork; this compilation does not relicense them.
- UpworkUpwork Study Finds 64 Million Americans Freelanced in 2023, Adding $1.27 Trillion to U.S. Economy ↗Publication date not recorded; see the original source. Accessed October 17, 2026.Selected factual observations with attribution. The source report and underlying responses remain with Upwork; this compilation does not relicense them.
- MBO PartnersU.S. Independent Workforce Reaches Record 74.9 Million as Full-Time Independence Accelerates ↗Published September 28, 2026. Accessed October 17, 2026.Selected factual observations with attribution. The source report and underlying responses remain with MBO Partners; this compilation does not relicense them.
- MBO PartnersState of Independence 2025 research report ↗Published September 9, 2025. Accessed October 17, 2026.Selected factual observations with attribution. The source report and underlying responses remain with MBO Partners; this compilation does not relicense them.
- MBO PartnersState of Independence 2024 report ↗Published October 15, 2024. Accessed October 17, 2026.Selected factual observations with attribution. The source report and underlying responses remain with MBO Partners; this compilation does not relicense them.
- MBO PartnersState of Independence in America Report 2023 ↗Published October 31, 2023. Accessed October 17, 2026.Selected factual observations with attribution. The source report and underlying responses remain with MBO Partners; this compilation does not relicense them.
- MBO PartnersGoing, Going, Gone: New Study Reveals Workers Flip The Script on Traditional Work ↗Published November 30, 2022. Accessed October 17, 2026.Selected factual observations with attribution. The source report and underlying responses remain with MBO Partners; this compilation does not relicense them.
- U.S. Bureau of Labor StatisticsContingent and Alternative Employment Arrangements — May 2017 (USDL-18-0942) ↗Published June 7, 2018. Accessed October 17, 2026.U.S. federal government data; attribution requested. No agency endorsement.
- Freelancers UnionFreelancing in America 2015 Report (Internet Archive copy) ↗Published October 1, 2015. Accessed October 17, 2026.Archived copy: this link opens the Internet Archive snapshot we read. Original address: https://blog.freelancersunion.org/2015/10/01/freelancing-america-2015/Selected factual observations with attribution. The source report and underlying responses remain with Freelancers Union; this compilation does not relicense them.
- Freelancers UnionFreelancing in America 2016 (Internet Archive copy) ↗Published October 6, 2016. Accessed October 17, 2026.Archived copy: this link opens the Internet Archive snapshot we read. Original address: https://blog.freelancersunion.org/2016/10/06/freelancing-in-america-2016/Selected factual observations with attribution. The source report and underlying responses remain with Freelancers Union; this compilation does not relicense them.
- AND.COThe Slash Workers (Internet Archive copy) ↗Publication date not recorded; see the original source. Accessed October 17, 2026.Archived copy: this link opens the Internet Archive snapshot we read. Original address: https://www.and.co/slash-workers.htmlSelected factual observations with attribution. The source report and underlying responses remain with AND.CO (now part of Fiverr); this compilation does not relicense them.
How to cite this report
For a source-reported statistic, credit the original publisher and link to the exact row here when using our compilation. For a modeled result, cite Workspace369 and include the assumptions. Linking to this page does not make us the original producer of third-party data.
Workspace369. (2026-10-19). Freelancer and Independent Contractor Statistics. https://workspace369.com/research/freelancer-independent-contractor-statistics/. Primary sources and observation periods as listed in the report.
Versioned data
Use an archived file when your analysis needs to stay reproducible. The version identifies the exact CSV and JSON bytes; unchanged data keeps the same version.
Dataset version: 33e691e49f15dbd20cde65c5cc4bf607bc8f96df11635e921f9c54321ab7f307
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